Can I tow a trailer or caravan with my car?
Yes, within limits — since 2021 a normal car licence lets you tow a fairly heavy trailer without an extra test. The rules changed on 20 September 2021, abolishing the old B+E trailer test in Great Britain. Anyone who passed a category B test from 1 January 1997 now automatically holds B+E, letting you tow a trailer up to 3,500kg MAM (a combined weight up to 7,000kg). Drivers who passed before 1 January 1997 keep wider C1+E entitlement (around 8,250kg combined). Crucially, your licence entitlement never overrides the car's own towing capacity, noseweight and gross train weight, so you must stay within the vehicle's limits too. To tow over 3,500kg you must pass a C1+E test. In short: yes up to 3,500kg, within the car's limits.
📋 The rules
- Passed category B from 1997: automatic B+E
- Tow a trailer up to 3,500kg MAM (combined ≤7,000kg)
- Pre-1997 licences keep wider C1+E (~8,250kg)
- Stay within the car's own towing limits
- Over 3,500kg: pass a C1+E test
🔓 Exceptions
- Pre-1997 licences: no further test for typical caravans within 8,250kg
- Trailers over 3,500kg MAM always need a C1+E test
- Northern Ireland still requires the practical car-and-trailer test
⚠️ Penalties & fines
Towing outside your licence entitlement is driving otherwise than in accordance with a licence: up to a £1,000 fine, 3–6 points and possible disqualification — and your insurance may be invalid. There's no B+E test fee in Great Britain since the test was abolished. Beware a myth: "since 2021 you can tow any caravan on a car licence" is false — the automatic entitlement caps at a 3,500kg trailer, anything heavier needs a C1+E test, and you must always stay within the car's own limits (towing capacity, noseweight, gross train weight). (Northern Ireland still requires the trailer test.) Before towing: check both your licence categories and the car's towing data, and make sure the loaded trailer is within both.
📎 Official sources
- GOV.UK — INF30 towing trailers in GB →
- GOV.UK — towing with a car →
- nidirect — driving licence to tow a trailer →
❓ Frequently asked
Can I tow a caravan on a normal car licence?
Yes, within limits. Since 20 September 2021, anyone with a category B car licence in Great Britain automatically has B+E entitlement, allowing you to tow a trailer or caravan up to 3,500kg maximum authorised mass, with a combined weight up to 7,000kg. You no longer need to take the old separate trailer test.
Did the towing rules change in 2021?
Yes. The B+E trailer test was abolished in Great Britain on 20 September 2021. Category B licence holders were automatically granted B+E entitlement, so they can tow heavier trailers without a further test. The change applies in England, Wales and Scotland; Northern Ireland still requires drivers to pass the practical car-and-trailer test.
How heavy a trailer can I tow?
On the automatic B+E entitlement, you can tow a trailer up to 3,500kg maximum authorised mass. Drivers who passed their test before 1 January 1997 usually have wider C1+E entitlement, allowing around 8,250kg combined. To tow a trailer over 3,500kg, you must pass a C1+E test, whenever you passed your car test.
Do I have to stay within the car's limits?
Yes, always. Your driving-licence entitlement doesn't override your vehicle's own towing capacity, maximum noseweight and gross train weight, which are set by the manufacturer. Even with full licence entitlement, towing a load heavier than your car is rated for is unsafe and can be an offence, so check the car's towing data.
What if I tow without the right licence?
Towing beyond your licence entitlement counts as driving otherwise than in accordance with your licence. You could face a fine of up to £1,000, between 3 and 6 penalty points, and possible disqualification, and your insurance may be invalidated. So it's important to confirm your licence categories and the car's limits before towing.
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