Are cannabis and CBD legal in Estonia?
Cannabis is not — CBD is, but only on conditions. Using, acquiring and possessing cannabis without a doctor's prescription is a misdemeanour, punishable by a fine of up to 300 fine units or detention. At the current fine unit of €8 that comes to up to €2,400 — though the fines actually imposed are usually considerably lower. CBD itself is not on the list of narcotic and psychotropic substances, but the THC content of the product must stay below 0.3%. Where CBD is extracted from cannabis whose THC content exceeds 0.3%, the CBD too is treated as a narcotic substance. Growing is a criminal offence.
📋 The rules
- Possessing cannabis is a misdemeanour
- Up to 300 fine units or detention
- CBD is not a narcotic substance
- Product THC limit: 0.3%
- Growing is a criminal offence
🔓 Exceptions
- Medical cannabis on a doctor's prescription is permitted
- Handling larger quantities and supplying are criminal offences, not misdemeanours
- Older sources show half these sums, because the fine unit was 4 euros
⚠️ Penalties & fines
Two things get constantly confused: the quantity and the act. A small quantity for personal use is a misdemeanour — up to 300 fine units, currently up to €2,400, or detention. Supplying, passing on and growing are criminal offences carrying imprisonment — for growing, up to five years. And even a misdemeanour leaves a trace: an entry in the punishment register can obstruct visas, jobs and firearms licences. On CBD shops: CBD itself is lawful, but the product's THC content must stay below 0.3% — and the seller carries the burden of proving it. There is no such thing as “legal cannabis”: what is permitted is industrial hemp, not the narcotic plant.
📎 Official sources
- State Agency of Medicines · Cannabis, THC, CBD →
- Riigi Teataja · Narcotic Substances Act →
- Narko.ee · Estonian legislation →
❓ Frequently asked
How large is the fine for possessing cannabis?
Using, acquiring and possessing it without a prescription is a misdemeanour punishable by up to 300 fine units or detention. At the current rate that is up to 2,400 euros.
Is CBD legal?
CBD itself is not on the list of narcotic and psychotropic substances. The product's THC content must nevertheless stay below 0.3 percent, or the CBD too counts as a narcotic.
Can cannabis be grown?
It cannot. Unlawful cultivation of cannabis plants is a criminal offence punishable by a fine or up to five years' imprisonment. It is not treated as a misdemeanour.
Why do older sources show smaller fines?
Because the fine unit rose from four euros to eight on 1 January 2025. Tables published before then show exactly half the amounts, although the number of units is the same.
Does a misdemeanour go on the record?
It does. The entry is deleted one year after the punishment is served, but until then it can obstruct applications for visas, jobs and firearms licences.
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