Can my landlord require a deposit in Sweden?
Usually not on an ordinary first-hand lease — deposits are uncommon in Sweden. Rent is set by the use-value system (collectively negotiated), not freely on the market, and there is no statutory deposit scheme. The Rent Tribunal (Hyresnämnden) resolves disputes and can order repayment of excess rent. For subletting, the rent may be the same as the first-hand rent, plus a max 15% markup for furniture and the actual cost of electricity and broadband. If someone overcharges you can reclaim up to 24 months back. Buying a tenancy contract is a crime.
📋 The rules
- First-hand: rent set by use-value, no deposit scheme
- Subletting: same rent as the first-hand rent
- Furnished: max 15% markup; electricity/broadband at actual cost
- Excess rent can be reclaimed up to 24 months back
- Subletting needs landlord or Rent Tribunal permission
🔓 Exceptions
- A subletting of a tenant-owned (bostadsrätt) flat follows different rent rules
- A second-hand deposit, if used: usually 1–2 months' rent, repaid on move-out
- A subtenant gets security of tenure only after living there over 2 years
⚠️ Penalties & fines
Civil: repayment of excess rent (up to 24 months) plus interest. Buying/selling a tenancy contract: fines or up to 2 years prison (6 months–4 years if gross), and you can lose the tenancy.
📎 Official sources
- Land Code (1970:994) ch. 12 · Riksdagen →
- Rent Tribunal (Hyresnämnden) →
- Swedish Union of Tenants · Excess rent →
❓ Frequently asked
Are deposits common in Sweden?
No, on a first-hand lease a deposit is uncommon. There is no statutory deposit scheme.
How much can be charged for subletting?
The same as the first-hand rent, plus a max 15% markup for furniture and actual electricity and broadband costs.
What do I do if the rent is too high?
Go to the Rent Tribunal. You can reclaim excess rent up to 24 months back plus interest.
Do I need permission to sublet?
Yes, you need the landlord's consent or permission from the Rent Tribunal.
Is it illegal to buy a tenancy contract?
Yes. Buying or selling a tenancy contract is a crime and can bring prison.
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